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Rwanda, Cash-based transfers on food security and gender equality: Impact evaluation

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Between 2020 and 2023, the ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ (WFP) Rwanda Country Office implemented the Sustainable Market Alliance and Asset Creation for Resilient Communities and Gender Transformation (SMART) programme. The programme aimed to contribute to community resilience through a package of support, including a stronger soil and water management asset base, livelihood strengthening and diversification, farmer organization capacity strengthening and access to inputs and markets, and social cohesion and gender transformation activities.

As part of the resilience package, SMART provided an opportunity to build productive assets in the form of food assistance for assets (FFA), whereby the most vulnerable households received cash for participating in asset work activities, including hillside terracing and marshland restoration. The evaluation estimates the impact of participating in FFA on food security and resilience by randomizing the opportunity to engage in FFA across 78 communities in five rural sectors of Rwanda. In addition, in half of the communities engaging in FFA, only women were targeted with the programme; in the other half, either men or women could be registered. This allowed to assess the impacts of women¡¯s participation in FFA on gender equality outcomes.

The Impact Evaluation is part of the and the Impact Evaluation Windows, both created by the ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳Office of Evaluation and respective programme teams, and delivered in partnership with the World Bank¡¯s Development Impact Department.